Africa -Health & Vaccinations
This directory covers African states with brief information on vaccination recommendations and health risks. It does not replace an individual travel-medicine consultation. Requirements, malaria risk, outbreaks and recommendations vary with itinerary, season, duration, age and medical history.
Important notice
Review routine vaccinations and destination-specific vaccines and malaria prevention in good time, ideally 4–8 weeks before departure. All links open in a new tab and lead to the Tropical Institute’s country information on vaccinations, malaria and other health risks.
Country index
Algeria | Angola | Benin | Botswana | Burkina Faso | Burundi | Cabo Verde | Cameroon | Central African Republic | Chad | Comoros | Republic of the Congo | DR Congo | Côte d’Ivoire | Djibouti | Egypt | Equatorial Guinea | Eritrea | Eswatini | Ethiopia | Gabon | Gambia | Ghana | Guinea | Guinea-Bissau | Kenya | Lesotho | Liberia | Libya | Madagascar | Malawi | Mali | Mauritania | Mauritius | Morocco | Mozambique | Namibia | Niger | Nigeria | Rwanda | São Tomé and Príncipe | Senegal | Seychelles | Sierra Leone | Somalia | South Africa | South Sudan | Sudan | Tanzania | Togo | Tunisia | Uganda | Zambia | Zimbabwe
General resources
- Tropical Institute: vaccination, malaria and health information by destination
- Tropical Institute: vaccinations A–Z
Algeria
Review routine vaccines and usually hepatitis A; food and water hygiene are important.
Angola
Yellow fever, malaria, hepatitis A and mosquito protection are key travel-health topics.
Benin
Yellow fever, malaria, hepatitis A, typhoid and mosquito protection are often relevant.
Botswana
Malaria risk is regional and seasonal; check prevention for safari and border areas.
Burkina Faso
Yellow fever, malaria and meningococcal disease can be relevant; seek advice early.
Burundi
Yellow fever, malaria, hepatitis A and food- and water-borne illness require planning.
Cabo Verde
Review routine vaccines and hepatitis A; sun, food hygiene and mosquito protection matter.
Cameroon
Yellow fever and malaria are central; hepatitis A, typhoid and rabies may also be relevant.
Central African Republic
Malaria, yellow fever and limited health services require particularly careful preparation.
Chad
Yellow fever, malaria, meningococcal disease, heat and hygiene are key concerns.
Comoros
Check malaria and mosquito risks, food hygiene and itinerary-specific vaccine advice.
Republic of the Congo
Yellow fever, malaria, hepatitis A and mosquito protection are particularly relevant.
Democratic Republic of the Congo
Yellow fever, malaria, outbreaks and limited medical services make individual advice especially important.
Côte d’Ivoire
Yellow fever, malaria, hepatitis A, typhoid and mosquito protection are common travel-health topics.
Djibouti
Heat, food and water hygiene, plus route-specific malaria and vaccine risks should be reviewed.
Egypt
Review routine vaccines and hepatitis A; sun, drinking-water and food hygiene are important.
Equatorial Guinea
Yellow fever, malaria, hepatitis A and consistent mosquito protection are key issues.
Eritrea
Consider hepatitis A, regional malaria risk, heat and limited healthcare access.
Eswatini
Malaria risk is regional; review routine vaccines, hepatitis A and mosquito protection.
Ethiopia
Malaria, area-specific yellow fever risk, altitude and meningococcal disease can be relevant.
Gabon
Yellow fever, malaria, mosquito protection and prevention of diarrhoeal disease are important.
Gambia
Hepatitis A, typhoid, malaria and mosquito protection may be relevant by season and stay.
Ghana
Yellow fever, malaria, hepatitis A and typhoid are frequent travel-health topics.
Guinea
Yellow fever, malaria and hygiene-related infections are important; check current outbreak information.
Guinea-Bissau
Yellow fever, malaria, hepatitis A and typhoid can be relevant; healthcare is limited.
Kenya
Hepatitis A is broadly recommended; malaria, dengue, yellow fever, rabies and meningococcal disease may also be relevant.
Lesotho
Consider altitude, cold, routine vaccines and hepatitis A; plan for limited care in remote areas.
Liberia
Yellow fever, malaria, hepatitis A and typhoid are key topics; plan hygiene and mosquito protection.
Libya
Review routine vaccines and hepatitis A, follow strict food and water hygiene, and account for limited care.
Madagascar
Malaria, dengue, plague in some regions, hygiene and mosquito protection are important considerations.
Malawi
Malaria, hepatitis A, typhoid and mosquito protection are relevant; consider freshwater exposure risks.
Mali
Yellow fever, malaria, meningococcal disease and heat require early individual travel-medicine advice.
Mauritania
Consider heat, food and water hygiene, and regional malaria or meningococcal risk.
Mauritius
Review routine vaccines, hepatitis A and mosquito protection; dengue, sun and water activities may matter.
Morocco
Review routine vaccines and hepatitis A; food and water hygiene and heat are important.
Mozambique
Malaria, dengue, hepatitis A and mosquito protection are important; infection risk can rise after cyclones.
Namibia
Malaria risk is regional, especially in the north; consider heat, long drives and water hygiene.
Niger
Yellow fever, malaria, meningococcal disease, heat and diarrhoeal illness are central risks.
Nigeria
Yellow fever, malaria, hepatitis A and typhoid are commonly relevant; hygiene and mosquito protection matter.
Rwanda
Review routine vaccines, hepatitis A and mosquito protection; yellow fever rules and malaria risk depend on itinerary.
São Tomé and Príncipe
Consider mosquito protection, food and water hygiene, routine vaccines and hepatitis A.
Senegal
Yellow fever, regional and seasonal malaria, hepatitis A, typhoid and mosquito protection may be relevant.
Seychelles
Review routine vaccines, hepatitis A and mosquito protection; consider dengue, sun and water activities.
Sierra Leone
Yellow fever, malaria, hepatitis A and typhoid are important; plan hygiene and mosquito protection.
Somalia
Consider malaria, area-specific yellow fever, diarrhoeal illness and limited medical services.
South Africa
Malaria is regional and seasonal; review routine vaccines, hepatitis A, mosquito and sun protection.
South Sudan
Yellow fever, malaria, meningococcal disease and very limited medical care require individual advice.
Sudan
Yellow fever, malaria, meningococcal disease, heat and water hygiene are central health topics.
Tanzania
Yellow fever requirements, malaria, dengue and mosquito protection matter; review hepatitis A, typhoid and rabies by itinerary.
Togo
Yellow fever, malaria, hepatitis A and typhoid may be relevant; plan mosquito protection and hygiene.
Tunisia
Review routine vaccines and hepatitis A; consider heat, sun and food and water hygiene.
Uganda
Yellow fever, malaria, hepatitis A and mosquito protection are central; consider typhoid, rabies and meningococcal disease by itinerary.
Zambia
Malaria risk, hepatitis A, typhoid and mosquito protection are important by season and region.
Zimbabwe
Malaria is regional and seasonal; review routine vaccines, hepatitis A, mosquito protection and remote-area care.